On 29 October 2025, the VIDC, in cooperation with the Bruno Kreisky Forum for International Dialogue, organised a panel discussion on ‘international climate finance in times of uncertainty’. The world´s temperature is rapidly rising to 1.5 degrees above the pre-industrial level which has been the temperature target since Paris 2015. More severe storms, droughts, floods and heat waves are inflicting devastation on the most vulnerable communities which bear the least responsibility for the climate crisis. African countries recognize the need for climate action, but are struggling under high debt burdens, aid cuts, new taxes on their exports imposed by the US and the need to invest in their economic development to generate employment and social services for their young populations.